Add new mountpoint on your linux server

 

Below are the steps to follow for adding any new mount on you linux machine.

[root@oem ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sdb: 53.7 GB, 53687091200 bytes, 104857600 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sda: 64.4 GB, 64424509440 bytes, 125829120 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00030fd3

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200   125829119    61864960   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-root: 38.2 GB, 38235275264 bytes, 74678272 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-swap: 6442 MB, 6442450944 bytes, 12582912 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-home: 18.7 GB, 18668847104 bytes, 36462592 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

[root@oem ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xcc407fe2.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-104857599, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-104857599, default 104857599):
Using default value 104857599
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 50 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@oem ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail or so.
 

 

[root@oem ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.45.4 (23-Sep-2019)
Creating filesystem with 13106944 4k blocks and 3276800 inodes
Filesystem UUID: d963b0cf-a786-440c-8bf8-955c45f98c4f
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
        32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
        4096000, 7962624, 11239424

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (65536 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

Create u01 directory on root "/", and then mount.

[root@oem ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /u01
 

[root@oem ~]# df -h
Filesystem           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs             3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev
tmpfs                3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                3.8G  9.5M  3.8G   1% /run
tmpfs                3.8G     0  3.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/ol-root   36G   25G   11G  70% /
/dev/mapper/ol-home   18G   37M   18G   1% /home
/dev/sda1           1014M  343M  672M  34% /boot
tmpfs                766M  8.0K  766M   1% /run/user/42
tmpfs                766M     0  766M   0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1             49G   24K   47G   1% /u01

Add below entry to your /etc/fstab, so that this mount gets mounted automatically after reboot. Otherwise everytime you have mount on reboot.

/dev/sdb1    /u01    ext4    defaults     0   0

You are done with adding a new mount.

Create partition using fdisk

 First need to identify the raw disk attached with your machine usig command fdisk -l

[root@asmdr software]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0003fe73

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    83886079    40893440   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/sdd: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-root: 37.7 GB, 37706792960 bytes, 73646080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes, 8126464 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

So in above example is clearly show /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc and /dev/sdc are raw disk attached to my machine.

So now lets start creating partition as below.

[root@asmdr software]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd8008fcd.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-62914559, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-62914559, default 62914559):
Using default value 62914559
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@asmdr software]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xda8ba1dc.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-20971519, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-20971519, default 20971519):
Using default value 20971519
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@asmdr software]# fdisk /dev/sdd
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.

Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x54e9805b.

Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
   e   extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-62914559, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-62914559, default 62914559):
Using default value 62914559
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 30 GiB is set

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root@asmdr software]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0003fe73

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
/dev/sda2         2099200    83886079    40893440   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xd8008fcd

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    62914559    31456256   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes, 20971520 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0xda8ba1dc

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1            2048    20971519    10484736   83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x54e9805b

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdd1            2048    62914559    31456256   83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/ol-root: 37.7 GB, 37706792960 bytes, 73646080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/ol-swap: 4160 MB, 4160749568 bytes, 8126464 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

-bash: xclock: command not found

 xclock is a simple graphical application in Unix and Unix-like operating systems, particularly in X Window System environments, that displays an analog or digital clock on the screen. It's primarily used as a basic demonstration of the X Window System's ability to display graphical applications.

 To run xclock on a Unix-like system, you can typically open a terminal or shell and simply type: 

 

 This command will start the xclock application, and a window displaying a clock will appear on your desktop. It's a straightforward utility and doesn't have any complex features or functionalities. Its primary purpose is to serve as a simple visual representation of the X Window System's capabilities.

xclock is often used as a quick way to verify that your X server is running correctly and to test the graphical capabilities of your X Window System environment.

 

Installing the package providing the xclock command

 

 

[root@asmdr software]#  yum install xorg-x11-apps
Loaded plugins: langpacks, ulninfo
ol7_UEKR6                                                                                                                                                                                                             | 3.0 kB  00:00:00
ol7_latest                                                                                                                                                                                                            | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package xorg-x11-apps.x86_64 0:7.7-7.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                      Arch                                                  Version                                                  Repository                                                 Size
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 xorg-x11-apps                                                x86_64                                                7.7-7.el7                                                ol7_latest                                                307 k

Transaction Summary
=============================================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 307 k
Installed size: 772 k
Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
Downloading packages:
xorg-x11-apps-7.7-7.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                                                                    | 307 kB  00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : xorg-x11-apps-7.7-7.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                            1/1
  Verifying  : xorg-x11-apps-7.7-7.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                                            1/1

Installed:
  xorg-x11-apps.x86_64 0:7.7-7.el7

Complete!